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The trend of celebrities owning wineries and vineyards is not a recent phenomenon, though it has certainly garnered more attention in today's Information Age. In ancient Greek and Roman times, the leading philosophers, playwrights, politicians and generals of the day often owned a vineyard for personal use. There are many reasons why celebrities gravitate to the world of wine. Usually celebrities have a large amount of wealth accumulated which makes the significant investment of opening a winery or vineyard negligible. Starting a winery or vineyard, as with nearly any business, could offer some tax benefits. Some celebrities, such as the Italian-American director Francis Ford Coppola, come from a family with a long history of winemaking. Some, such as the British singer Cliff Richard, have been lifelong wine enthusiasts and enter the wine industry in order to do something that they enjoy. Others like the challenge of a new enterprise and some celebrities enter the wine industry simply because they can. While some celebrities, such as the American actors Brad Pitt, Angelina Jolie, Johnny Depp, British association football star David Beckham and his wife Victoria Beckham, own vineyards and wine estates solely for personal use, some celebrities are leveraging their name recognition as a selling tool in the wine industry. Today celebrity-owned wineries can be lucrative business endeavors. In 2007, Nielsen research of supermarket wine purchases showed that sales of celebrity wines were up 19% over previous years.〔Kung, Michelle, ''Forbes Magazine'' (August 4, 2008). (Top Celebrity Vineyards )〕 ==Types of celebrity involvement== There are different degrees of involvement that celebrities will have in their winery and vineyard. Nearly all of them partner, in some form of collaboration, with a winery or winemaker who is already established in the industry. An example of this is retired American football player Joe Montana who partnered with longtime Beringer winemaker Ed Sbragia to make their joint venture wine ''Montagia''. While Sbragia oversees most of the viticultural and winemaking task, Montana is involved in deciding on the overall "vision" of the wine and participates in tasting and blending trials.〔 To a similar extent, the celebrity may own their own "wine brand" which is produced with their collaborating winery instead of owning a physical winery or wine estate itself. An example of this is the brand ''Mike Ditka Wines'' owned by former American football coach Mike Ditka. The wine is produced in partnership at the physical winemaking facilities of the Mendocino Wine Company. While it could be described as a "winery", technically ''Mike Ditka Wines'' would be a "wine brand" that is owned by Ditka who participates in blending and tasting trails.〔Arnold, Eric, ''Wine Spectator'' (January 30, 2007). (Wine Talk: Mike Ditka )〕 Some, such as French actor Gérard Depardieu, will be very active in both the production and business dealings of the winery. Depardieu, who owns wineries in several countries across the globe, even has his passport listing his occupation as ''vigneron''.〔 A celebrity may only have "legacy" attachments to the wines that bear their name. One example is the Gallo wine brand ''MacMurray Ranch'' which uses some grapes that are grown on a California ranch that was once owned by the American actor Fred MacMurray. Under the actor's ownership, the ranch was dedicated mostly to raising horses.〔University of California Press ''(MacMurray Ranch ) pg 1, Accessed: December 14th, 2009〕 After MacMurray died, his family sold most of the land to the Gallo family and has little connection to the wine brand.〔 Another "legacy" celebrity who was more intimately connected with the winery that now carries his name was the American actor Raymond Burr. Burr bought the ranch with his domestic partner and had planted grapevines for wine production before he died in 1993. His partner, Robert Benevides, renamed the estate after Burr and continued making wines featuring his name.〔Mersmann, Andrew, ''Passport Magazine'' (Robert Benevides, Raymond Burr Vineyards Sonoma County, California ). Accessed: December 14th, 2009〕 Some celebrities will lend their names to a winery for a special "one time" wine production. An example of this would be Mexican-American musician Carlos Santana, who partnered with the Champagne house G.H. Mumm to create a sparkling wine in 2005 titled ''Santana DVX''.〔D. Grossman "(Wine Stars )" ''Wine Country Magazine'' Spring 2007/Summer 2007 issue〕 While Santana helped select the final blend and received royalties for the use of his name and image, he doesn't particularly "own" the brand nor does he continue to be involved in the wine industry. American musician Bob Dylan participated in a similar arrangement with the Italian winery Fattoria Le Terrazze. Dylan gave permission for the winery to use his name, likeness and album art to create a wine that pays tribute to his 1974 album ''Planet Waves''.〔Asimov, Eric, ''The New York Times'': The Pour (May 18, 2006). ("Wine on the Tracks" )〕 In 2007, American entrepreneur Martha Stewart announced a collaboration with the American winery Gallo to produce value marketed wines to be sold at K-mart, which also features her Martha Stewart Living line of housewares.〔Chronicle Staff/Associated Press ''San Francisco Chronicle'' (September 15, 2007). ("Stewart to market $15 wine" )〕 In 2009, British chef Gordon Ramsay allowed a Bordeaux winery to use his name, without royalties, to celebrate the release of their 10th vintage.〔Anson, Jane, ''Decanter.com'' (April 24, 2009). ("Gordon Ramsay lends his name to a Bordeaux wine" )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of celebrities who own wineries and vineyards」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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